On going studies in this area will include application of the technology to diagnose CAV monitor level of immunosuppression in a patient to guide therapy and individualization of immunosuppression. This work, recently published in the New England Journal of Medicine, showed that peripheral blood leukocyte gene expression can be used safely for monitoring rejection in heart transplant recipients, with a substantial decrease in the number of endomyocardial biopsies performed. Translating my earlier work on gene expression profiling, I conduct clinical trials on the application of this technology for non-invasive diagnosis of transplant rejection. I study the role of sub-clinical cytomegalovirus infection in the development of cardiac allograft vasculopathy (CAV), and the effect of antiviral agents in preventing CAV, work that has been supported by a program project grant from NIH. My current focus is on clinical and translational research, expanding on my earlier laboratory-based research on the mechanisms of allograft failure and vasculopathy. To further study cellular and molecular mechanisms mediating this process, we recapitulated metabolic abnormalities in the rat heart transplant model and confirmed rapid development of transplant atherosclerosis. We observed the major risk factors for transplant atherosclerosis in patients to be metabolic (hyperglycemia, hypertriglyceridemia, and low HDL). Mechanisms mediating allograft dysfunction. We developed echocardiographic markers of systolic and diastolic function and found decreasing systolic and diastolic function highly correlated with up-regulation of IL-6 expression. To further characterize cellular and molecular mechanisms we developed quantitative methods to monitor allograft function and correlate it with cytokine expression in a rat heterotopic transplant model. Decreased cardiac allograft function, in particular diastolic dysfunction, was highly predictive of allograft vascular disease and poor outcome in long-term patients. We observed decreased cardiac allograft function in patients to be significantly associated with loss of microvascular cell surface markers, consistent with altered biology of the vascular endothelium or injury, and with up-regulation of cytokines such as IL-6, IL-10, TGF-b, and TNF-a. Role of microvascular injury in acute allograft failure. Prior to my expanded administrative role, my lab focused on understanding the mechanism mediating acute and chronic allograft failure, in particular on the role of microvascular injury in acute allograft failure and the mechanisms of mediating transplant coronary artery disease. She was elected to the National Academy of Medicine in 2020 for both her pioneering research in organ transplantation and workforce diversity. Valantine is a nationally recognized pioneer in her field, with over 200 peer-reviewed publications, patents, and sustained NIH funding. Francis Collins, NIH director, recruited her in 2014 as the inaugural NIH Chief Officer for Scientific Workforce diversity, and as a tenured investigator in the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute’s intramural research program where she established the laboratory of transplantation genomics. She pursued a data-driven transformative approach to this work, receiving the NIH director’s pathfinder award. She was appointed Assistant Professor of Medicine, rising to full Professor of Medicine in 2000, and becoming the inaugural Senior Associate Dean for Diversity and Leadership, in 2004. degree from London University, cardiology fellowship at Stanford, and Doctor of Medicine from London University. Vice Provost for Undergraduate Education.Office of Vice President for Business Affairs and Chief Financial Officer.Office of VP for University Human Resources.Stanford Woods Institute for the Environment.
Stanford Institute for Economic Policy Research (SIEPR).Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine.Institute for Human-Centered Artificial Intelligence (HAI).Institute for Computational and Mathematical Engineering (ICME).Freeman Spogli Institute for International Studies.Stanford Doerr School of Sustainability.
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